Linux Application Programming and Linux Device Drivers Development
Linux System Programming
Introduction to Linux
- Linux Architecture & Components
- Linux Filesystem overview
- Memory Layout of a C Program
- Compiler Stages gcc
- Building using the Makefile
- Binutils to decode the executable file formats – nm, readelf, objdump etc
- Writing a simple Makefile to compile the program
- Examine the symbols in executable
- Need for System Calls
- Overview of files in linux
- Linux File structures
- File related functions
- Relationship Between File Descriptors and Open Files
- Seeking a file and Changing the File Offset: lseek()
- Fd table and Inode strcutures
- Duplicating File Descriptors
- Opening a file & performing a read/write operations
- Opening a file in different modes
- Program to copy a file
- Program to Duplicating File Descriptors in different ways
- Program to repositioning the File Offset
- Need for Process
- Process ID and Parent Process ID
- Memory Layout of a Process
- Creating & Exec’ing the process
- Waiting for the process termination
- Zombie & Orphan process
- Creating a Process
- Creating multiple processes
- Distinguishing between the child & parent processes
- Waiting & getting the child process status
Creating a zombie & Orphan processes - Program to parent process to wait for child process
- Need for Threads
- Process Vs Thread
- Creating thread with pthread APIs
- Waiting for thread termination
- Creating a detached thread
- Cancelling the threads
- Creating a thread
- Passing arguments to the thread
- Waiting for threads & examining the return value
- Modifying the thread attributes to create the detached thread
- Cancelling the threads
- Need for memory management
- Memory Partitioning – Paging & Segmentation
- Virtual Addressing & its need
- Page Tables
- Memory Manipulating Calls
- Programs on Memory Manipulating Calls
- Program increments the process data space
- Need for Libraries
- Types of Libraries – Static & Shared(dynamic)
- Examples on using the shared & static libraries
- Creating the Static library & using the same in the applicaton
- Creating the shared library & dyamically linking with the same
- Need for Signals
- Overview of Signals in Linux
- Handling the signal
- Blocking/Masking the signals with signal sets
- Registering a signal handler
- Restoring the signal disposition
- signal to notify the parent process
- Examine the signal mask for the proces
- Blocking the signal
- Need for IPCs
- Using Pipes & FIFOs
- Message Queues
- Shared Memory & Semaphores
- Pipes to communicate amount the related processes
- Using popen function for the pipes
- Pipe Communication among unrelated processes
- Using Message Queues
- Communication using Shared Memory
- Synchronizing the access to Shared Memory
- Need for Synchronization
- Using Mutex
- Using Semaphores
- Reader / Writer Lock
- Conditional Variables
- Example for mutex usage
- Example for semaphore usage
- Case study on Synchronizing threads
- Example on reader/writer Lock
Linux Network Programming
- TCP/IP Protocol Layers
- Types of Networks – LAN, WAN
- Internet Addressing concepts
- IP Address Vs H/W Address
- Unicast, Broadcast & Multicast addresses
- Subnettting/Supernetting
- Internet Protocol
- IP Concepts, Routing concepts
- UDP & TCP
- Introduction to Sockets Socket APIsClient & Server
- Connectionless &
- Connection oriend Sockects
- Creating UDP/TCP server/Client
- Iteravite & Concurrent servers
- Iterative Connectionless & Conection oriented servers
- Concurrent server implementation using multiple processes
- Creating local Client & Server
- Creating networked Client & Server
- Creating a connectionless sockets
- Implement concurrent & Iterative servers
- Using Wireshark to examine the packets
Linux kernel Programming and Character Device Driver Programming
- Monolithic Kernels
- Micro Kernels
- The User space & Kernel space
- The HelloWorld Module
- Module Stacking
‘Module Parameters
- Common Filesystem Interface
- Filesystem Abstraction Layer
- VFS Objects and Their Data Structures
super block
inode block
data block
boot block
- Kernel High level MMU
- Kernel Low level MMU
- Kernel Memory Allocators
slab allocator
page allocator
fragment allocator
pool allocator
- Critical Sections, Race Conditions
- Concurrency and its Sources
- Semaphores
- Reader/ Writer Semaphores
- Spinlocks
- Reader/ Writer Spinlocks
- Atomic Operations
- HZ & Jiffies, Delays
- Kernel Timers
- virtual file systems.
- information about processes
- communication between kernel space and user space
- Enumeration of the devices and busses attached to the system
file system hierarchy
- Registering a System Call
- System Call Handler
- Service Routines
- Character Drivers
- Synchronous Driver model
- Major and Minor Numbers
- Registering and Unregistering
- Static and Dynamic allocations
- Important Structures
- File
- Inode
- Character Devices
- Adding, Allocating, Initializing and Deleting
- User Space Applications and
- Device Driver mapping
- Device file operations
- Access methods within the driver, open, read, write and close
- Advanced Character Drivers
- Ioctl implementations
- Wait queues and pollings
- Accessing I/O Ports
- Accessing I/O Memory
Advance Linux Device Drivers
- USB Architecture & Protocol
- Types of Descriptors
- USB structure creation
- USB subsystems
- USB Driver Layered Architecture
- USB Device Drivers
- Understanding the USB framework.
- Programming the Control Endpoint Zero.
- Fundamentals of Block Device Driver
- Block drivers Definitions.
- Block drivers Registration.
- Block device operations.
- Linux Block I/O Layer